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Posterior blood island zebrafish5/11/2023 Along with the technological advancements in the field of zebrafish research, future HSC studies in zebrafish will help us illuminate the genetic network controlling the development and function of stem cells in all vertebrates. Large-scale forward and reverse genetic screens have identified zebrafish blood and HSC mutants that represent models for known human diseases. cell mass (ICM) and posterior blood island, which are the sites of the primitive and transient definitive hematopoiesis in zebrafish, respectively. Many of the transcription factors and signaling pathways that regulate the formation of HSCs in a zebrafish are conserved with mammals. There are three different HSC migration and colonization events that begin 2 days post-fertilization: AGM progenitor cells migrate to (1) the caudal hematopoietic tissue (CHT), which is an intermediate site of blood development (2) the thymus, which is a site of lymphocyte maturation and (3) the developing kidney marrow, which is the larval and adult location for production of all hematopoietic cell types, and is comparable to the bone marrow of mammals. The definitive wave starts in the aorta-gonad-mesonephros (AGM). After circulation starts at 24 h post-fertilization, hematopoiesis shifts to the posterior blood island (PBI) for a brief period. Primitive erythropoiesis is in the ICM, whereas myelopoiesis initiates in the ALM. The primitive wave occurs in two intraembryonic locations called the intermediate cell mass (ICM) and the anterior lateral mesoderm (ALM). After circulation starts at 24 h post-fertilization, hematopoiesis shifts to the posterior blood island (PBI) for a brief. All vertebrates including zebrafish have primitive and definitive waves of hematopoiesis, but self-renewing pluripotent HSCs are only produced by the definitive wave. The primitive wave occurs in two intraembryonic locations called the intermediate cell mass (ICM) and the anterior lateral mesoderm (ALM). Within the past two decades, the zebrafish (Danio rerio) has become an excellent model to study the development of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs).
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